Pegs can attain a length of 15-30 cm. Once penetration of the soil surface has occurred, fruit enlargement proceeds at the peg tip with eventual formation of the peanut pod. Pods can contain 1-6 seeds. Peanuts are divided into two main species hypogaea and fastigiata based on the arrangement of the vegetative and reproductive branches. This division is not only important for taxonomic purposes but has production implications. The hypogaea species does not flower on the main stem; it matures later than other sub species and has a high water requirement.
This species has alternate branching patterns and produces large seeds. Virginia and runner types are in the hypogaea sub species. The fastigiata species produce flower on the main stem, has sequential branching, mature earlier, has lower water requirement and produces smaller seeds. Spanish and Valencia are in this sub species. Peanuts grow best on soils that are well drained, loosely textured and well supplied with calcium, potassium and phosphorous. OZSTARhas the best nuts processing systems including roasters, fryers of different kinds and of various capacities to give you the perfectly roasted nuts! OZSTAR also provides additional equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR has already various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for nuts controlled by touch screen.
The soil should be well aerated and contain moderate amounts of organic matter. Heavier clay soils or those that tend to have surface crusting are unsuitable due to their high resistance to peg penetration and pod expansion. Peanut grows best in slightly acidic soils with a pH of 6.0 to 6.5 but a range of 5.5 to 7.0 is acceptable. Saline soils are not suitable since peanut has a very low salt tolerance. The peanut seed has a high demand for water during germination. For optimum germination, high soil moisture is required to facilitate the 35-40% water intake by imbibing seeds. Seeds should be planted when moisture levels are favourable for rapid germination and growth. Rapid germination and vigorous growth help the young plant to counteract diseases. Peanuts are adapted to a wide range of climatic conditions. They are relatively drought tolerant and require about a minimum of 400 mm rainfall during the growing period. For optimum growth, however, an annual rainfall range of 750-1250 mm is generally considered necessary. OZSTAR has the best nuts processing systems including roasters, fryers of different kinds and of various capacities to give you the perfectly roasted nuts! OZSTAR also provides additional equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR has already various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for nuts controlled by touch screen.
Duration of the growing period is cultivar dependent and generally lies within a 90-140 day range (Table 1). Peanuts are day neutral and flowering initiation is unaffected by photoperiod. Temperature is the major limiting factor for peanut yield. The germination temperature range is 15-45o C. During the growing period, an average temperature of 22-27o C is required. Dry weather is required for ripening and harvesting. Peanut cultivars adapted to grow under the local conditions can be separated into two types based on their growth habits.
These are erect bunch and runner types. The recommended types are those that have a high market value and include the red coated seed (red nut), which are mostly bunch types and lighter pink coated seeds (white nut), which are in most instances runner types. Florunner is a late maturing (120 days) large seeded variety. It yields relatively well (1500-2000 kg/ha) under local conditions. Florunner has a spreading runner growth habit with a typical branching pattern. OZSTAR has the best nuts processing systems including roasters, fryers of different kinds and of various capacities to give you the perfectly roasted nuts! OZSTAR also provides additional equipment for flavouring and seasoning the nuts. OZSTAR has already various kinds of industrial fryers along flavouring and seasoning equipment for nuts controlled by touch screen.
